NAME Linux::Landlock - A higher level interface to the Linux Landlock API DESCRIPTION Landlock is a sandboxing feature specific to Linux that allows a process to restrict its own access to the file system. Once set, restrictions cannot be undone and they are inherited by all future child processes. Since the restrictions are set at runtime, from within the process itself, you can take into account dynamic information from your configuration. For example, a server that is supposed to serve files from a specific directory can restrict itself to that directory and its subdirectories to mitigate any bugs allowing directory traversal attacks. This is much less intrusive than chroot and does not require root privileges. This module provides an object-oriented interface to the Linux Landlock API. It uses the lower-level interface provided by Linux::Landlock::Direct. See for more information about Landlock. METHODS SYNOPSIS use Linux::Landlock; my $ruleset = Linux::Landlock->new(); # this can die $ruleset->add_path_rule('/etc/fstab', qw(read_file)); $ruleset->add_net_rule(22222, qw(bind_tcp)); $ruleset->apply(); print -r '/etc/fstab' ? "allowed\n" : "not allowed\n"; # allowed ... IO::File->new('/etc/fstab', 'r') and print "succeeded: $!\n"; # ... and opening works print -r '/etc/passwd' ? "allowed\n" : "not allowed\n"; # allowed ... IO::File->new('/etc/passwd', 'r') or print "failed\n"; # ... but opening fails because of Landlock system('/usr/bin/cat /etc/fstab') and print "failed: $!\n"; # this fails, because we cannot execute cat IO::Socket::INET->new(LocalPort => 33333, Proto => 'tcp') or print "failed: $!\n"; # failed IO::Socket::INET->new(LocalPort => 22222, Proto => 'tcp') and print "succeeded\n"; # succeeded new([handled_fs_actions => \@fs_actions, handled_net_actions => \@net_actions, die_on_unsupported => 1|0]) Create a new Linux::Landlock instance. "handled_fs_actions" and "handled_net_actions" restrict the set of actions that can be used in rules and that will be prevented if not allowed by any rule. By default, all actions supported by the kernel and known to this module are covered. This should usually not be changed. If "die_on_unsupported" is set to a true value, the module will die if an unsupported access right is requested. Otherwise, access rights will be set on a best-effort basis, as intended by the upstream Landlock API design. This option should usually not be used. apply() Apply the ruleset to the current process and all future children. Dies on error. get_abi_version() Int, returns the ABI version of the Landlock kernel module. Can be called as a static method. A version < 1 means that Landlock is not available. add_path_beneath_rule($path, @allowed) Add a rule to the ruleset that allows the specified access to the given path. $path can be a file or a directory. @allowed is a list of access rights to allow. Possible access rights are: execute write_file read_file read_dir remove_dir remove_file make_char make_dir make_reg make_sock make_fifo make_block make_sym refer truncate ioctl_dev See for all possible access rights. This method dies on error. Errors are: non-existing or non-accessible paths and empty rules. If "die_on_unsupported" is used, it will also die if the rules are not supported by the current kernel. Beware: While the API accepts a path or user space file descriptor, the rule is actually checked against the corresponding, kernel internal file system object. This means that you will lose access if a path or directory you allowed access to is renamed or replaced. add_net_port_rule($port, @allowed) Add a rule to the ruleset that allows the specified access to the given port. $port is allowed port, @allowed is a list of allowed operations. Possible operations are: bind_tcp connect_tcp allow_perl_inc_access() A convenience method that adds rules to allow reading files and directories in all directories in @INC. This will not allow access to ".", even if it is in @INC. LIMITATIONS This module requires a Linux system supporting the Landlock functionality. As of 2024, this is the case for almost all distributions, however, the version of the available Landlock ABI varies. Notably, the "TRUNCATE" access right is only supported by the kernel since ABI version 3 (kernel version 6.2 or newer, unless backported). Network functionality is only available since ABI version 4. Also keep in mind, that some Perl, or even libc, functions might implicitly rely on file system access that could have been restricted by Landlock. AUTHOR Marc Ballarin, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Copyright (C) 2024 by Marc Ballarin This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.